radar bill wrote:In disclosure is it reasonable to ask for:
make, model, & serial # of the radar unit?
frequency and serial # of the tuning fork?
the calibration records for the radar unit?
the tuning fork?
the officers certification, training records, and test scores?
the examiners certification?
service history of radar unit and tuning fork?
a manual for the radar device?
calibration procedures?
As far as the courts are concerned, really only two things are required to satisfy disclosure obligations:
- Officer's notes
- Radar/laser manual
You are entitled to make a "full answer and defence," and that's what the courts consider sufficient to do so. The Crown has to prove that the officer identified a vehicle that was speeding visually, used a speed-measuring device to verify the speed, the officer essentially did not lose sight of the vehicle until it was stopped, and that the device was tested and working properly. That is the standard set by the courts Canada-wide. In some US states, the courts often require a mountain of evidence to prove the device was working properly, but that is not the case here, or, for that matter, in most US states.
Officers go through regular recurrent training. The officer's testimony that he was trained on the device and re-qualified properly is sufficient to satisfy the courts. To my understanding, most police services do not even provide "certificates" of the officer's training or completion, but
I might be wrong. Rather, the record of requalification is part of their personnel file, and that will not be disclosed for a speeding case.
Tuning forks are not used on radar devices in Ontario anymore. If the officer was using a hand-held radar device, there may be an opportunity to challenge its accuracy, if the manufacturer does not specifically state in the manual that the internal test verifies that the device is working properly and is accurate. You'd need to read the manual to find that out. As far as calibration goes, some devices require periodic bench testing, others have a warranty or guarantee of service - again, in the manual. However, if the device was tested by the officer and found to be working, it's an uphill battle. If the radar device that was used was "moving radar," in other words, built into the patrol car, the officers usually test it by driving down the road and measuring its readings versus the car's calibrated speedometer, which eliminates any possible need for a tuning fork. (I was a radar recurrent instructor, although that's not for police radar devices.)
Disclosure would have more answers. Speeding cases are not the easiest to win, unfortunately. Once you have more information, then we might be able to give you some help. Regardless, if the officer did not reduce the charge, you should be able to plea-bargain to something less, if nothing else.